Clinical Repercussions
Effects of Rhabdomyolysis
Due to the muscle cell contents being released into the body from rhabdomyolysis, some main categories of clinical complications include:
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Death of the patient [17]
This site focuses on acute kidney injury. However, supplemental information can be found below regarding other outcomes.
Are there long-term effects?
Long term effects depend on the extent of the damage. Some patients have no apparent long term effects, especially if they have only a relatively mild CPK elevation (<15,000 IU), normal creatinine values, and no other risk factors [20]. The long-term effects can depend on the extent of damage to the kidneys. Though full recovery even after acute renal failure is common [6]. You may have permanent muscle damage, and the mortality rate of rhabdomyolysis is 8-10% [24].
What is the risk of recurrence?
High Risk Factors [17]:
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Delayed recovery
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Persistent creatine kinase elevation
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Acute renal injury of any degree
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Personal or family history of muscle cramps or severe muscle pain
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Sickle cell disease or trait or family history
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Muscle injury after low-to-moderate activity
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Personal history of heat stroke
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Serum creatine kinase peak of greater than or equal to 100,000 U/L
Low Risk Factors [17]:
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Rapid recovery and creatine kinase normalization
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Athlete with history of intense training
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No personal or family history of rhabdomyolysis
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If other participants also got rhabdomyolysis from the same workout
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Other illness in conjunction with rhabdomyolysis
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Supplements or drugs that could have contributed to the rhabdomyolysis
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